Author: Prof. Engr. Zamir Ahmed Awan, Founding Chair GSRRA, Sinologist, Diplomat, Editor, Analyst, Advisor, Consultant, Researcher at Global South Economic and Trade Cooperation Research Center, and Non-Resident Fellow of CCG. (E-mail: awanzamir@yahoo.com).

As India celebrates its 75th Republic Day, it is an occasion to reflect on the nation’s progress, challenges, and commitments to its democratic principles. While the day marks a proud moment for many, it also brings attention to voices of concern from opposition parties, minorities, and marginalized communities, including Dalits and other low-caste groups, who feel excluded from the promise of equality and justice enshrined in India’s constitution.

A Spotlight on Social Inequities

India’s caste system, an ancient and deeply ingrained social structure, continues to influence modern society despite legal prohibitions. For many Dalits and marginalized groups, the reality is one of systemic discrimination and limited access to opportunities. Reports of violence, exclusion, and inhumane treatment have raised concerns globally and stand in stark contrast to the ideals of human dignity and equality outlined in the United Nations Charter on Human Rights.

Concerns from Minority Communities

India is a diverse country with a rich tapestry of cultures, religions, and ethnicities. However, the experiences of some minority groups point to challenges in achieving harmony and equal treatment. These communities often face socio-political marginalization, religious intolerance, and policies that they perceive as discriminatory. Addressing these grievances is crucial for fostering national unity and upholding democratic principles.

Upholding Human Rights

The international community, including India’s close allies, has a vested interest in supporting efforts to address these challenges. Respect for human rights and the principles of justice, equality, and dignity are universal values that transcend borders. Strengthening policies to combat caste-based discrimination, ensuring religious freedom, and promoting social justice can help India fully realize the vision of its constitution.

A Path Forward

India's journey as the world's largest democracy is a testament to its resilience and potential. By addressing issues of social inequity and marginalization, the nation can strengthen its unity and global standing. Steps such as education reforms, economic empowerment, and stricter enforcement of anti-discrimination laws can pave the way for a more inclusive and just society.

A Nation in Crisis Under Prime Minister Modi’s Leadership

Over the past 15 years of Prime Minister Narendra Modi's tenure, India has experienced a significant shift in its political, social, and cultural landscape. Once celebrated as the world’s largest democracy and a beacon of secularism, the country is now facing mounting criticism for its authoritarian tendencies, rising religious intolerance, and systemic violations of human rights. These developments have tarnished India's global image and led to widespread unrest, both domestically and internationally.

A Rise in Religious Intolerance and Extremism

Narendra Modi rose to power with strong support from the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), an extremist organization advocating for the supremacy of Hindutva ideology. This alliance has emboldened fringe elements within Indian society to openly target minorities, particularly Muslims and Christians, as well as low-caste Hindus. Public statements made by right-wing leaders, calling for the conversion of non-Hindus to Hinduism or their expulsion from India, have created a climate of fear and hostility.

Under Modi’s administration, several controversial laws and policies have disproportionately affected minority communities. Examples include the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), which many view as discriminatory against Muslims, and the revocation of Article 370, which stripped Jammu and Kashmir of its special status, further marginalizing the region’s predominantly Muslim population. These policies have been accompanied by instances of mob violence, lynchings, and attacks on religious places, leaving minorities in a state of perpetual insecurity.

Media Suppression and the Erosion of Democratic Values

India’s vibrant democracy and free press were once pillars of its identity on the global stage. However, under Modi’s government, media freedom has faced unprecedented curbs. Independent journalists and news outlets that criticize government policies are routinely harassed, and many have faced legal action or threats of violence. According to the World Press Freedom Index 2023, India ranks 161 out of 180 countries, reflecting the alarming decline in press freedom.

State institutions, including the judiciary, law enforcement, and election commissions, have also come under scrutiny for their alleged biases and lack of impartiality. Rigged elections, biased judgments, and the misuse of state machinery to suppress dissent have contributed to the perception of India as an increasingly authoritarian state. Freedom of expression and the right to protest have been curtailed, with dissenters often labeled as "anti-national" or "terrorists."

Exodus of the Youth and Economic Challenges

The deteriorating socio-political environment, coupled with rising unemployment and economic stagnation, has forced many young Indians to leave the country in search of better opportunities. Frustration among the youth is growing, with many feelings disillusioned by a system that prioritizes ideology over merit and inclusivity. This brain drain is depriving India of its brightest minds and future leaders, further exacerbating the country’s challenges.

Global Protests and a Tarnished Reputation

India’s internal policies have sparked global outrage, with protests, rallies, and marches being organized in numerous countries. Human rights organizations, including Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch, have repeatedly condemned India for its treatment of minorities and suppression of dissent. The Kashmiri diaspora and human rights activists mark India’s Republic Day as "Black Day," highlighting the plight of people in Jammu and Kashmir and the continued militarization of the region.

Moreover, several countries have reportedly tightened immigration policies for Indian nationals, citing concerns over fraudulent practices, social integration challenges, and the rise of extremist elements. These developments have further isolated India on the international stage, challenging its aspirations for global leadership.

Prime Minister Modi’s extremist policies are pushing India in deep isolation in the community of global world and creating more problems for Indian citizen with the country as well as abroad.

原文链接：APD | The Complex Reality of India's 75th Republic Day: A Call for Inclusion and Equality.-APDNEWS